Thursday, 16 November 2017

William Wordsworth was a major English romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads.

Wordsworth's masterpiece is generally considered to be The Prelude, an autobiographical poem of his early years which the poet revised and expanded a number of times. The work was posthumously titled and published, prior to which it was generally known as the poem "to Coleridge". Wordsworth was England's Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death in 1850.

CLASSICISM AND ROMANTICISM are artistic movements that have influenced the literature, visual art, music, and architecture of the Western world over many centuries.

With its origins in the ancient Greek and Roman societies, Classicism defines beauty as that which demonstrates balance and order. Romanticism developed in the 18th century — partially as a reaction against the ideals of Classicism — and expresses beauty through imagination and powerful emotions. Although the characteristics of these movements are frequently at odds, both schools of thought continued to influence Western art into the 21st century.

The name "Classical" was given to the Greeks and Romans retroactively by RENAISSANCE writers. Artists and thinkers of the Renaissance, which literally means "rebirth," saw themselves as the heirs of that world following the Middle Ages. Its ideals continued to exert strong influence into the Age of Enlightenment in the 17th and 18th centuries.

In literature, Classicism values traditional forms and structures. According to legend, the Roman poets Virgil left orders for his masterpiece The Aeneid to be burned at his death, because a few of its lines were still metrically imperfect. This rather extreme example demonstrates the importance placed on excellence in formal execution. Such attention to detail can also be seen in the work of the Italian poet Dante Alighieri, whose Divine Comedy contains over 14,000 lines written in a strict rhyming pattern known as' terza rima'. Other characteristics of the movement include balance, order, and emotional restraint.

What is the basic difference between the poetic creed of 'Classicism' and 'Romanticism'?

Romanticism and classicism they are two different ideologies or 'school of thought'. And given idea about dominance of certain things.

Classicism:in classicism aesthetic attitude and principals manifested in the art architecture and literature if ancient Greece and Rome and characterized by emphasis on form simplicity proportion and restraint. Romanticism: Romanticism was an artistic literary musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of 18th century.

Difference between classicism and romanticism is that classicism put out restrictions,whereas romanticism believes in liberty. Classicism presents urban life , whereas romanticism presents rural life. classicism believe on subjectivity and romanticism believes in objectivity. classicism is about intellectual and romanticism is about imagination .

➤ Why does Wordsworth say 'What' is poet? rather than Who is poet?

A poet is man speaking to men, a man, it is true, endued with more lively sensibility, more enthusiasm and tenderness,

Who has a greater knowledge of human nature, and a more comprehensive soul, than are supposed to be common among mankind.

Wordsworth has greater knowledge of human nature through the emotions like observation, heightened. He also uses platonic, more comprehensive soul.

➤ What is poetic diction? Which sort of poetic diction is suggested by Wordsworth in his Preface?

Poetic diction means 'Choice of Word'- unique style of authors that he or she chooses his or her own language, which is understood by rustic people; who closure to reality and more genuineness the language should be natural not ornamental. Wordsworth's argument is that he is interested in writing poems in lyrical ballads. And the language "as really used by men". Wordsworth also answers to Coleridge that he finds humble and rustic life, a men who closer to reality or more genuineness. Wordsworth preferred rustic men rather than city dwells.

➤ What is poetry?

Wordsworth's definition of poetry :

" Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings it takes origin from emotion recollected in tranquility. "

Wordsworth portrays his idea about poetry in this definition that poet is the most comprehensive soul and far better human being than ordinary people. so, the poet is the teacher and through the medium of of poetry he imparts moral lessons for the betterment of human life.

➤ Discuss 'Daffodils - I wandered lonely as a cloud' with reference to Wordsworth's poetic creed.

'Daffodils' is the best example of Wordsworth's definition of poetry “poetry is a spontaneous overflow of a powerful feeling, recollected in tranquility". We all see the beauty of nature by our different point of views but we cannot recollect and express that delight in tranquility. so, we can call Wordsworth as nature poet, by recalling his memory and sensibility and by observing the nature, Wordsworth wrote his poetry.

Prime Minister N. Modi

9/11

November 4, 2017

Today all the students of our Department will show On Prime Minister @NarendraModi addressing a Student Leaders Convention on the occasion of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya's Centenary Celebration and 125th Anniversary of Swami Vivekananda's Address at the Chicago address at the World's Parliament of Religion in 1893. "This year, we are marking 125th anniversary of Swami Vivekananda's Chicago address and Pt. Deendayal Upadhyaya centenary celebrations," the prime minister said in a tweet. The theme of the address was "Young India, New India - A Resurgent Nation: from Sankalp to Sidhhi". The address focused on Vivekananda's teaching in the present day context. He also spoke about importance of cleanliness.The day also marks the centenary celebrations of BJP ideologue Deendayal Upadhyaya. The event was organised by the Deendayal Research Institute (DRI) and supported by the Culture Ministry.

The National Service Scheme Unit of @Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University has organised LIVE Webcast of this event at Department of English, M.K. Bhavnagar University.

Pehredaar Piya Ki

I am in support of this serial. I really liked the concept. It is not all about the marriage of two different age group, that is one is too young and the other is too elder. It is about making girl or a woman same powerful as man. In this serial the girl Diya married to the young prince Ratan to protect him from the other evil members of his family. His life was in danger after the death of his mother and father. This first thinking makes us moves forward than just patriarchal thinking that only man can protect.

Overall i find it progressive not regressive

Hamlet: Thinking Activity

Hamlet Task:

1-How faithful is the movie to the original play?

A movie "Hamlet"made by Kenneth Branagh is not fully faithful to the original play. Some of the things like a costume is a Victorian (18th century) costume. Setting is also of The England. Some of the scene (Hamlet and Ophelia 's bed scene) are not in the original play .Hamlet looks not young. This all things are added by the director. But dialogue vise it remains faithful.

2-After watching the movie have your perception about play character or situation changed?

Yes ,after watching the movie my perception about the play is changed. Before watching the movie I felt that the situations or setting of the play will be domestic. And Claudius is not suits to be the King.

3-Do you feel aesthetic delight while watching the movie? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no can you explain with reasons?

Yes, while watching the movie I felt aesthetic delight. We see Hamlet's behaviour is different towards all other characters. While he is alone, with Horatio, with Polonius, with Ophelia all the time he behaves differently, that shows human's nature. That is also reality.

4- Do you feel catharsis while or after watching movie?If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no can you explain with reasons?

Yes, I felt catharsis (The pleasure of Pity and Fear, Purgation, Purification) in the end of the movie. When Hamlet decides to take revenge or kill his uncle Claudius. Earlier he was in dilemma or we can say in over thinking but finally he gets ready to kill Claudius.

5- Does screening of the movie help you in better understanding of the play?

Obviously yes, we knows that A picture has a thousand words. By the screening we get good idea that how whole thing is going, whenever we feels Difficulty that time we can pause and solve the problem. May be we sees the movie with more interest than reading so that helps a lot. We can easily remembered the scene. Thus, it is good to screening of the movie.

6- Was there any particular scene or moment in the movie that you will cherish life time?

The scene between Hamlet and Horatio where Horatio tells Hamlet that don't go to the ghost because if you do as ghost said that will take you into melancholy and may be whole your kingdom will suffer. In the end we see he does as ghost says and his family, Kingdom everything becomes vain. So we can say that obeying or believing in wrong thing lets us in fall.

7- If you are director what changes would you like to make in the remaking of movie on Shakespeare's "Hamlet"?

I will make Hamlet more intellectual.So he will not take revenge. I will make Ophelia more courageous so she'll not becomes made and also give her full freedom. I will make Claudius character more effective. One more thing is that some times we feel bore while watching the movie so I will add some interesting things and remove unnecessary things.

8- In the beginning of the movie camera rolls over the statue of King Hamlet out side the Elinsore castle. The movie ends with the similar sequence of the King Hamlet is hammered down to the dust. What sort of symbolism do you read in this?

The whole Kingdom including his family goes to vain because of King Hamlet or we can say his statue who calls Prince Hamlet to take revenge and that is rigidity or determined decision let his kingdom in dust as his statue goes into dust.

9- While studying the play through movie which approach you find more applicable to the play? Why? Give reasons with illustrations.

Historical or biographical (It is based on true story), Feminist (Gertrude) , Moral and Philosophical (Hamlet and Horatio and Claudius ) ,Psychological (Hamlet's behaviour towards other person) , Mythical all This approaches we find more applicable during or watching the movie.

10- Which of the above mentioned approaches appeals you more than other?Why?Give reasons.

Moral and philosophical approaches appeals more than others. Because during whole play we see in Hamlet that he always thinks a lot before doing anything. Sometimes he thinks that let this all things going on as it is going. Claudius's prayer to the GOD is also the example of moral and philosophical approaches.

Saturday, 11 November 2017

Aristotle & Plato's Objection

Aristotle's Poetics

1. Yes, I am agree with the Plato's objection to freedom of expression and artistic liberty enjoyed by creative writer. There is so many movies which should be banned according to the Plato 's objection like. There is some advertisement which should be banned according to the Plato's law of objection.As we know that there is so many films or TV shops which are bad for the minor .May they take it personally ,there is so many creative serials that children can try and that is not good for them.

2. In B.A. programme there is a novel Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde .Which is written by R L Stevenson that we can consider as a creative work .That 's follows the Aristotelian's literary tradition .But people can imitate him but that is not good .Or we can say that if we want to live the life freely than it is good.

3. During B.A. i studied the tragic play" OTHELLO " which is written by Shakespeare.Othello himself is the protagonist of the play.The Hamartia of the play is there is a tragic flaw in the play and there is a error of the judgement in the end of the play by the hero.Which leads him to the death of his lover and also he himself commit suicide.

4.Yes, these tragedies are follows the rules and regulation proposed by Aristotle. Like a chain of cause and effect ,principle of probability and necessity ,harmonious arrangement of incident ,complete certain magnitude ,unity of action. If we conclude this topic we can say that they both are right at it's own way .It depends on us to which way we choose .If we want to live the life of morality than Plato is right .If we want to live a freedomful life than Aristotle is right .But if we think rationally than Aristotle is somehow better than his guru because most people like to enjoy the life and also to live a creative life.

So it is very good knowledge of poetics as a form of literature.

Review on Dryden's: Thinking Acitvity

Dryden's task

Que.1 Do you any difference between Aristotle's definition of Tragedy and Dryden's definition of Play?

Ans.1 Yes,we see difference because Aristotle says that tragedy is an imitation of an action Aristotle believes that there is natural pleasure in imitation where as Dryden define play as just and lively image of human nature representing it is passion and humorous and the change of fortune to which it is subject for the devite and instructions of man kind .

Que.2 If you are supposed to give your personal predilection, would you be on the side of the Ancient or the Modern? Please give reasons.

Ans.2 According to me, it is not necessary that Modern always tries to copy from the Ancient, may be that sometimes there is new idea also which is presented by Modern. But generally we find that many times Modern takes ideas from Ancient and tries to present it in a different and unique manner. Thus, Modern tries to explain ideas to people and show them a different way to think. So, according to me , both are appropriate with their own ideas , Ancient gives ideas and Modern tries to represent it in a different way according to current time.

Que.3 Do you think that the arguments presented in favour of the French plays and against English plays are appropriate? (Say for example, Death should not be performed as it is neither 'just' not 'lively' image, displaying duel fight with blunted swords, thousands of soldiers marching represented as five on stage, mingling of mirth and serious, multiple p

Ans.3 I think arguments are presented in the favour of English plays. The plots of French plays are barren while English ones are copious to further the same action. The English plays have numbers of plots with the main plot and audience is important because of that in English plays, there are all types of themes.

Que.4 What would be your preference so far as poetic or prosaic dialogues are concerned in the play?

Ans.4 I like poetry because dialogues of poetry are psychological and gives better understanding of human nature and the work of human mind. But it is also true that poetic language is hard to understand, for illiterate also and prosaic dialogues are easy to understand by every people.

Post Truth: Thinking Activity

Post Truth

When we talk about the POST-TRUTH its hide real situation and it is not presents the reality of the society .The people also live in some kind of assumption that is is truth. The truth means something exist in the society but the POST-TRUTH is retelling the truth which canbe truth or not. We see in the media tht how they hide the reality of people so people is live in some kind of ignorance but in the real life but it is not truth.

Truth is always about that exist or we can say the facts which are there. On the other hand post truth is ‘‘created truth’. the famous phrase about truth is ‘’universal truth’’. But POST-TRUTH is an individual truth , which one believes and when that person convince others to accept the same belief by force or in a very polite way, and if people accept that as something ‘real’ or ‘true’, it is not.

“POST- TRUTH” era is an era which changes the perception of truth by implying that “truth is not one” but it differs person to person. The term is related with the idea of ‘many truths’ and all want their truths should be accepted by society.in the era of POST-TRUTH all answers are true because all have different opinions with their own right side.

Example can be the molestation of girls. There is a problem in the psyche of those males who molest girls. But some political leaders and other citizens have implied that the reason is short cloths of girls for this kind of molestation. This was repeated by most of people in india and that’s why it was widely accepted also.

The term ‘’post truth’’ is designed to elicit a sense of moral superiority in those who still support the globalist agenda. It is consistent with the elitist character of the globalist, whose rhetorical sr ategy has been to praise its supporters as ‘enlighten’ and condemn its opponents as stupid and evil.

Dr.Faustus Thinking Activity

Dr.Faustus: Thinking Activity

Dr. Faustus by Christopher Marlowe

1) The play directed by Matthew Dunster for Globe theater ends with this scene (see the image of Lucifer). What does it signify?

Last Scene: Lucifer with wide wings

2) Is God present in the play? If yes, where and how? If No, why?

3) What reading and interpretation can be given to this image (see the image of Daedalus and Icarus) with reference to central theme of the play Dr. Faustus?

Answer's:-

1) Final scene of Lucifer show that limitless quest of greater power,status,and control but these aspirations and perfection lead to his tragic demise .He drowned to eternal punishment of hell and sapration of god’s love in the end.

2)yes,the God is present in the play.Old man character presents as a God and we can also see that Dr.Faustus is also being like a God.If there is no God,why he being like God..We also find God in many characters like Good angel,old man.In the end Faustus pray to God to save him,so yes God is exist in this play and we also can say that God is everywhere.

3) The picture is portrayal of the myth of Icarus and Daedalus a story of father and son.Daedalus made a wings from feathers and wax to escape and to fly. Daedalus warn to Icarus that not to fly near the sun otherwise his wings will melting, but Icarus disobeyed and fly at too much hight and riches to the sun ultimately his wings are melt and his fall is happen and his father is stay it in his limits thats why still he has his wings..its means that Dont go much higher in your ambitious rather then your down fall is happend.

Coleridge's Thinking Activity

Coleridge's task

“A poem of any length neither can be, nor ought to be, all poetry”.

Difference between prose and poem is as follow:

(1). Prose and poem both are most probably same but presentation of both are not same. The difference is between the combination of those elements and objects aimed at the poem and Prose. Coleridge make use of certain artificial arrangement of words with the help of metre. As a result composition will be a poem, merely because it is distinguished from composition in Prose by metre, or by rhyme. Poem have musical construction whereas prose is flat forward like news papers, magazine, fiction etc. So here we can say that prose has simple language and subject and it's aimed to be strict to the truth whereas poem's aimed to give pleasure.

(2) Coleridge considers to distinguish poem from poetry Coleridge points out that "poetry of the highest kind may exist without the contra distinguishing object of a poem " Poem is a form of poetry. Poetry means to create or to make. Poetry is the art of creating a poem. Poetry is something going on in the poet’s mind; how to create a poem using language, metre etc. with his imagination.

>Example of prose:

(3)When you set out to tell a story in prose, it’s called a novel or short story and essay which you familiar with it very well (depending on length). Stories can also be told through verse, but it’s less common nowadays. Books like Harry Potter and mobydick are written in prose.

Shyamal Youth Festival 2017 MKBU

Shyamal Youth Festivals 2017

Today we went to saw & participate our Shyamal Youth Festival at MKBU,

The day was end with so many memorable moments. It was really very nice event organised on large scale at our university. First we all friends went to Amphi theatre where skit was going to be performed. All colleges performed very well,the best performance which i like the most is Lohi Ni Sagai by Gadhda COLLEGE, it was amazing drama.

Then we went to 'sugam sangeet' where all r girls who participate. I dont know if there is any boy, there all are Saraswati sitting. All sings classical song melodiously. The performance which i like the most is of Riddhi of our department,she very sweetly sing the song of Lord krishna. I was mesmerized by her performance.

Then afterwards we went to saw ' loknrutya'. The best event of the day. There were so many performance and the most best Garba with dandiya performed by Sahjanand college and K.p.e.s college. We feel very delightful after watching that Loknrutya, it naturally evokes inner joy and we feel like we are also dancing on stage. Most stunning Loknrutya was performed by various colleges.

OUR ENG DEPT ALSO PARTICIPATED IN VARIOUS COMPETITION AND WON FIRST SECOND AND THIRD PRISE IN VARIOUS COMPETITIONS.

HERE IS MEMORY OF YOUTH FEST 2017

Thursday, 2 November 2017

Assignment Paper-4

Assignment

Name: Jalondhara Ravji J

Roll No: 35

M.A.Sem: 1

Year: 2017-18

Enrollment No:2069108420180024

Paper: 4 (Indian Writing In English)

Email Id: ravjijalandhara@gmail.com

Submitted: S.B.Gardi, Department of English MKBU

Topic: How does Raja Rao use English to express the spirit of India.

Evaluate this Assignment, Click Here

Inroduction:

Raja Rao was born in Hassan in Karnataka in 1908 in a well-known Brahmin family. He was introduced to the Vedas and the Hindu myths at a very early age and was greatly influenced by his grandfather and wanted to develop his knowledge of Sanskrit since he was interested in lndian Philosophy. But his father was particular that he should study English and he was therefore sent to Madrasa-Aliya, a very snobbish school. His higher study was at the Aligarh Muslim University and at the Nizam's college, Hyderabad. Raja Rao went to France in 1931 in order to do research on the Indian influence on Irish Literature. It was during 1931 he began writing for the periodical Jaya Karnataka. He was also on the editorial board of Mercure de France (Paris) for sometime. He returned to India in 1933, when his quest for spiritual knowledge began. He spent a great part of his life with the seekers of Truth, trying to comprehend the nature of existence and the nature of the Infinite. He lived in Pandit Taranath's Ashram for sometime and from there he published his first stories "Javni", "Akkayya", "A client1'- all in French. In 1938 his first novel Kanthapura was published.

In 1942 he stayed with Gandhi for six months in sevagram and was involved in the freedom movement. It was in 1943 that he met Sri Atmananda Swami, in Tiruvananthapuram, who according to him is his spiritual Guru. Advised by his Guru after a long silence, he wrote his famous novel The Serpent and the Rope for which he received the Sahitya Academy award. In 1965, he wrote The Cat and Shakespeare. In 1969, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India.

Raja Rao in his acceptance speech on receiving the greatest literary award of the Sahitya Akademy Fellowship in 1998 has said, "The honor that the Sahitya Akademy has bestowed on me, in electing me a Fellow of this august body is to show that I am not such a renegade as I might have seemed" (1998: 75). Indeed, Raja Rao has made every lndian proud by his achievements and the wide recognition in lndia and abroad.

Raja Rao use English to express the spirit of India:

That Raja Rao is India's most significant novelist writing in the English language today is now indisputable. What is also beyond dispute, is the range of life as well as the level of consciousness he has brought into the novel form along with the creation of a suitable medium for his concerns which are at once timeless and temporal, metaphysical and social, immediately local but also international so as to enlarge the frontiers of the fictional form itself and justify the name of an innovator in modern Indian fiction which thanks largely to him more than any other single writer, has been ushered into the main stream of twentieth century literature.

Even the early short stories have all the characteristics mentioned above. Some of the individualistic expressions that bring out the lndianness - the description of the village, social life etc., the consciousness of the Indian past, the use of Hindu myths, the philosophical speculations - reveal the potentiality of the genius which find greater expression in the later works.

His first novel Kanthapura was a trendsetter. It describes the impact of the Indian struggle for freedom and of Gandhi's message on the people of Kanthapura, a small village in a remote corner in Mysore. The traditional villagers, who believe in the old notions of community divisions, untouchability etc., gradually change their notions and get united in the struggle for freedom. Moorthy, the central character of the novel, is a Gandhian. He endears himself to everyone by being good, by treating everyone alike, by overcoming the caste feeling and by the strength of his character. He tries to follow Gandhi's ideal but has his weaknesses too. This makes his character realistic and convincing. The novel is greatly appreciated for its unconventional, original narrative style, which was very different from the Western narrative technique.

The novel follows the puranic style of narration and the story is narrated by an old widow, Achakka. The foreword to this novel also is significant because, here the writer describes the difficulties of the lndian English writer and his attempt to create a distinctive language without imitating the West. It also reveals the influence of the Hindu myth and tradition on the writer. By comparing the present situation with the puranic situation and the political leaders to Rama, Krishna and Siva, the writer succeeds in mythic sing the Freedom Movement.

The spirit of nationalism that took hold of the country found expression in Tamil novels and short stories of the thirties. Mayuram Vedanayakam Pillai was the pioneer, and his Pratgpa Mutali & Caritfiram (1876) was the first Tamil Novel. The early novels were romantic entertainers. Only after the world wars, came novels of realism.

The writer’s, Raja Rao have been writing for more than half a century, but received critical attention only after about ten years of their writing career. Raja Rao gained recognition only after the publication of his master piece, the metaphysical novel, The Serpent and the Rope (1960). Ever since, his fame has been on the ascent. Even his earlier works, his short stories and his first novel Kanthapura came to be known and read only after the publication of The Serpent and The Rope. Raja Rao is today one of India's most outstanding novelists attracting a number of critical studies. Raja Rao's philosophy, his traditionalism, his concept of womanhood and the portrayal of woman have been criticized differently in the recent times. Especially after women's awareness movement and in the wake of post colonial studies, Raja Rao's works are being re read.

The works of Raja Rao reflect almost a similar attitude to life, though outwardly different. Raja Rao's earlier works are on social and political issues and later works focus on spiritual questions. However, behind these apparent dissimilarities, one can find an almost identical vision derived from the Hindu scriptures. Undoubtedly, philosophy is the rock basis of Hinduism. The various schools of Hindu philosophy have exercised a great influence on the life and thought of the people. On this foundation is built the frame-work of myth which is the very essence of Hinduism. The Hindu myths have molded the attitude of the people and the scriptures have prescribed the code of life. The social life of the Hindus, their family structure and the familial roles, their view of man and woman - all these reflect the influence of Hindu philosophy and religion.

This work is an attempt to juxtapose the writings of Raja Rao. The focus is on their Hindu vision, emphasizing on their philosophical thoughts, their use of myths, the depiction of family life in Hindu society and their portrayal of woman. Raja Rao are indeed sadhakas in search of Truth and they share with the readers the experiences of their spiritual journey. Their works reveal the different stages of their spiritual evolution. We have received with an open mind the knowledge they could get from different philosophies.

The philosophical attitude of Raja Rao is discernible in all his novels. From Kanthapura to The Cat and Shakespeare there is a steady progress in the journey of the quester. In fact, the protagonists in his novels are most often questers and represent the different stages a sadhaka undergoes in his spiritual journey. The novels are to be considered autobiographical in that sense, since they exhibit the writer's own spiritual yearnings and his quest. However, as Curtis observes, Raja Rao has retained his individuality in

spite of influences:

"This fundamental lndian sensibility Rao has retained through all the influences which might have affected a lesser writer"

SUMMING UP:

Thus, the Indo-Anglian novels of the period marked by a patriotic and nationalistic fervour reflected the social changes that were taking place. This social and political concern is evident in the works of Raja Rao, who added a new dimension to the Indo-English fiction by using it as a medium to give expression to his metaphysical thoughts. His successful effort to lndianize English inspired many writers to continue this experimentation with success. Myth is an integral part of Raja Rao's fiction and it has a sustained link with the main theme as well as a parallel development. He has used myths as similes to convey his ideas, to concretize the abstract, and at times as a digressional technique, which gives his work a new, original form. He uses myth to give significance to the contemporary event.

Works Cited

https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&ved=0ahUKEwjFoLGGmfTWAhXLQY8KHfwgDCgQFghUMAk&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdspace.pondiuni.edu.in%2Fjspui%2Fbitstream%2Fpdy%2F357%2F1%2FT2597.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1JPkSwTJ5LVbmX33X9dJ5r. The Hindu Vision. Ed. A.Kala. Pondichrry: A.Kala, 2002.